Global Inequality: How Colonial Continuities Cause Hunger and Poverty
The causes of hunger and poverty have deep historical roots. Many of today's dependencies and inequalities originated in colonial times. European colonial powers enslaved people, looted resources and destroyed local economic structures. Many regions were forced into systems of economic exploitation. These colonial continuities persist to this day: multinational corporations control large parts of global agricultural trade, while small-scale farmers in the Global South have little access to fair markets. One-sided trade agreements, high foreign debt and externally imposed land use policies hinder economic development and self-determination in many countries. Building sustainable local structures remains extremely difficult. The consequences are structural poverty and a lack of food security.
Poverty and hunger: A Vicious Cycle with Long-Term Consequences
Around 700 million people worldwide live in poverty, with approximately one in eleven suffering from hunger. Rural areas are particularly affected: around 83 percent of people living in poverty reside in rural regions, many of them women and children. Access to education, healthcare and employment is severely limited. Despite working in agriculture, many families are unable to secure adequate nutrition for themselves.
Poverty often leads to hunger, and hunger exacerbates the effects of poverty. Undernourished mothers are more likely to give birth to underweight children. These children are more vulnerable to disease, experience slower development, and have fewer educational opportunities.
The global food crisis is worsening
The global food situation has deteriorated dramatically in recent years. Between 2020 and 2023, the number of people suffering from hunger more than doubled. Structural inequalities, armed conflicts, the climate crisis and economic shocks, such as those caused by the pandemic, are major contributing factors. These developments make one thing clear: to effectively combat hunger and poverty worldwide, we need a fundamental shift towards greater justice and sustainability.